When we think about matter, we cross over the question,
Why matter exists in the form of molecules, how do atoms combine to form a molecule, and why do atoms form bonds?
The answer is very simple; everything in nature wants to become stable.
Therefore, a molecule will only be formed if it is MORE STABLE and has LOWER ENERGY.
“Chemical bond is the force which holds the ions or atoms together to form a crystal of ionic compounds or a molecule of covalent compounds.”
An atom is unstable due to an incomplete octet or duplet. An atom may attain a stable electronic arrangement by
- LOSING ELECTRONS [formation of cation]
- GAINING ELECTRONS [formation of anion]
- SHARING ELECTRONS [formation of molecule]
And a form ion or molecule which is stable due to a complete octet or duplet. The physical and chemical properties of an ion with respect to the parent atom and the properties of a molecule with respect to the constituent atoms are different.
Types of Chemical Bonds
Three different types of chemical bonds may be formed on the basis of the nature of the atom.
- Electrovalent bond – Metal and Non-Metal
- Covalent bond – Non-metal and Non-metal
- Metallic bond – Metal and Metal
Some Important Electron Dot Structures
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“This topic is important for ICSE Class 10 Chemistry exams.”
